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 | Encephalartos cafferEncephalartos caffer is also known as the Caffrarian Cycad. This rare dwarf, subterranean-stemmed cycad is the southernmost cycad species in South Africa. It is rare in gardens. Occasionally a small portion of the stem (caudex) of Encephalartos caffer may remain above ground level. In older plants, the caudex can reach 2 feet in length, 1 foot in diameter. Encephalartos caffer has a woolly crown, and is usually single stemmed, unless there is damage to the stem, when branching may occur. Encephalartos caffer also has a tuberous root system, consisting of numerous short, thick roots. Encephalartos caffer leaves are very unique among African cycads. They are light green range from 16-40 inches long. New leaves emerge brown and woolly losing their wool as they mature. The Encephalartos caffer leaf base is covered with pale brown wool. Leaflets are usually 3-4 inches long and approximately 3/8 inch wide, gradually becoming narrower from the base and ending in a sharp tip. A characteristic of E. caffer is the ruffled appearance of the leaves, with leaflets clustered on the leaf in a plumose fashion. This is caused by the leaflets crowding and the emerging from the leaf in different planes, sometimes irregularly twisting.
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